PREVALENCE AND PATHOLOGY OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE IN BROILER AT BOCHAGANJ UPAZILA OF DINAJPUR DISTRICTS

Abstract

The study was schemed to investigate the prevalence, pathology, mortality and clinical features of Newcastle disease in the small scale commercial broiler farms at Bochaganj upazila of Dinajpur district during the period from January to June, 2014. A total 1950 birds (from 5 farms), among which 160 diseased and dead birds were randomly selected, out of which 99 (5.35%) birds were found to be positive for Newcastle disease. Thorough clinical and necropsy examination was done and the characteristics clinical signs and gross lesions were recorded. Different organs mainly proventiculus, caecal tonsil and intestine were collected, preserved and processed for histopathological examination. The clinical signs of the affected birds were sneezing, coughing, nasal discharge, laboured breathing and torticolis, Broilers were inactive, weak and rough in appearance, greenish watery diarrhoea occur severely. Nervous signs includes clonic spasm and paralysis of the legs and wings. In this observation, the gross pathological lesions were slight to severe haemorrhages in caecal tonsils, typical lesions were proventricular haemorrhage, most commonly seen in the surface near the junction with the proventriculus. Haemorrhages were found in the internal wall of intestine, liver and lungs during post-mortem examination. Histopathological lesions in the proventiculus were distortion of normal architecture of tissue, globular destruction, severe epithelial layer destruction, haemorrhages and congestion in the mucosa of proventriculus. The prevalence of Newcastle disease in Bochaganj upazila was 5.35%. Mortality of Newcastle disease in nonvaccinated and vaccinated broiler flock was 20.76% and 4.6%, respectively. The study indicates that birds of this areas were at high riskof NDV. Further studies like serological, epidemiological and clinical examination can be done regarding sex, age and climate to find out the real scenario of ND in the poultry sector at Bochaganj.