PREVALENCE AND PATHOLOGY OF AVIAN COCCIDIOSIS AT DIFFERENT UPAZILA IN DINAJPUR DISTRICT

Abstract

The study was intended to investigate the prevalence and pathological status of avian coccidiosis at different upazila like Sadar, Chirirbander, Parbatipur, Fulbari, Birampur, Nawabgonj in Dinajpur district from January to June, 2014. A thorough clinical and necropsy examination was done and to record characteristics clinical signs and gross lesions. Different organs mainly small intestine and caecum were collected, preserved and processed for histopathological examination. A total of 354 diseased and dead birds of 12 farms were examined. In which 31 (9.65% in broiler and 7.10% in layer) birds found to be positive for coccidiosis. The propotional mortality rate of coccidiosis were 10.66%, 9.33%, 6.17% 2.1%, respectively in age group of 0-4 weeks, 5 - 6 weeks, 7 - 8 weeks and above 8 weeks. The mortality rate was hight in 0-4 weeks age group (10.66%) and lowest in above 8weeks age group (2.1%). The clinical signs of the affected birds were depression, ruffled feather, bloody diarrhea, anaemia, drooping wings, paler comb and wattle. At necropsy, enlargement and ballowing shape of caecum with pin point hemorrhage on intestinal mucosa and fresh or clotted blood were found in the intestinal lumen. Histpathologically, the mucous membrane was found to be severely damaged and there was no continuity of mucosal layer of intestine, distortion of architecture and desquamation of lining cells were present. Infiltration of inflammatory cell in the musculature was also observed. The villi of the mucosa were destroyed. Disorganization of the lining epithelium was also found. The bio-safety measures, farmers knowledge and protection programs against the disease did not comply with the approved standards. Thus bio-safety measures, vaccination and proper treatment must be done to improve the management of coccidiosis in poultry farms of Dinajpur district.