RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS WITH LIPID PROFILE OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR PATIENTS IN DINAJPUR DISTRICT

Abstract

An investigation was conducted to establish a relationship between the demographic characteristics with lipid profile of the cardiovascular patients in Dinajpur district. Hundred cardiovascular (CVD) patients were selected randomly for this study from the patients admitted at the Dinajpur Medical College Hospital. Two types of data (i) demographic parameters (location, age, sex, weight, educational level, yearly income, occupation, physical activity, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, dietary behavior, family history and types of CVD) (ii) Lipid parameters (TG, LDL, HDL and TC) were collected from each patient. All the demographic parameters had subcategories. Data related to demographic characteristics were collected by questionnaire and lipid parameters were analyzed by Evolution 3300 Semi Auto Biochemistry Analyzer. The frequencies and percentages of the subcategories of all the demographic parameters were calculated. Among the 100 cardiac patients , more patients were found in urban area (71%), age between 50-59 years (41%), male (70%), Weight 70-79 kg (48%), primary and lower educated people (58%), low income (38%), Farmers and labours (32%), Level of walking 1-3 day/week (44%), smokers (70%), alcohol consumption (54%), frequently taking of red meat and oily food (72%), positive family history of CVD (61%). From this study it can be concluded that among the four parameters of lipid profile most of the cardiac patients had upper level (borderline high + high) of LDL (48%+38%=86%) followed by TG (44%+37%=81%). On the other hand, 65% of cardiac patients had normal HDL and TC level. On the basis medical diagnosis three types of cardiovascular diseases were found. Such as Hypertension (43%), Myocardial Infarction (44%), Angina Pectoris (13%). The frequency of hypertension and MI was more among all CVDs. The relationship between demographic characteristic and clinical diagnosis was established. Statistically significant relationship was found between types of CVD with Location, Age, Weight, Educational status, Yearly income, Occupation, Physical activity and Food habit and not significant with Sex, Smoking behavior and Alcohol consumption. The relationship between the demographic parameters and lipid profile (TG, LDL, HDL and TC) was compared and statistically analyzed. The relationship of TG with all the demographic parameters was statistically significant except location and education. The relationship of LDL with age, weight, income, occupation, physical activity, alcohol consumption, food habit and family history were statistically significant, whereas with sex, location, smoking, educational status were insignificant. The relationship of HDL with all the demographic parameters was insignificant except weight and physical activity. The relationship between TC and the demographic parameters was insignificant except age. The correlation of age and weight with lipid profile was determined. Increasing age and weight causes increase in the lipid profile, which is found statistically significant. The results of this study might be used for strategic planning on cardiac care, prevention and control programs and it could also be used for planning preventive public health interventions to reduce CVD risk factors and thereby reduce CVD incidence and severity at Dinajpur district in Bangladesh.