BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF LEAVES OF HERBAL PLANTS ON JUTE AND RICE WITH THEIR CHEMICAL STUDY

Abstract

An experiment was conducted on biologically active substances in aqueous extracts of leaves of some herbal plants viz.,Ashok (Saracaasoca), Basok (Justicaadhatoda),Arjun (Terminaliaarjuna),Bohera_ (TerminaliabelericaRoxb.), Neem (Azadiractaindica),Bel (Aeglemarmelos),andfor each field crop seeds such as, Rice (Oryzasativa) and Jute (Corcoruscapsulars), with the attempt for chemical investigation on effective plant extract. The aqueous extract of Bohera significantly increased and enhanced germination, growth of shoot length and root length of Rice and Jute seeds compared with control whereasArjune, Beal, Neem, Asok and Basok reduced and delayed germination, growth of shoot length and root length of these same crops.). A significant variation was observed among the treatment in respect of different parameters of rice and jute. In pot experiment, highest germination index in rice was found with extract of bohera (15.71) and in petridish experiment highest germination percentage was observed with the aqueous extract of bohera (97%). While In pot experiment, lowest germination index in rice was found with water (11.41) and in petridish experiment lowest germination percentage was observed with the aqueous extract of arjune (94%).In pot experiment, highest shoot length in rice was found with extract of bohera (77.57 cm) and in petridish experiment highest shoot length was observed with the aqueous extract of arjune (6.56 cm). While In pot experiment, lowest shoot length in rice was found with water (62.04 cm) and in petridish experiment lowest shoot length in rice was found with extract of ashok (5.78 cm). In pot experiment, highest root length was observed with the aqueous extract of bohera(29.83 cm) and in petridish experiment highest root length was observed with the aqueous extract of bashok (5.70 cm). While In pot experiment, lowest root length in rice was found with water (20.10 cm) and in petridish experiment lowest root length in rice was observed with the aqueous extract of arjune (4.56 cm). On the other hand,In pot Vv experiment, highest germination index in jute was found with extract of bohera (13.75) and in petridish experiment highest germination percentage was observed with the aqueous extract of bohera(TerminaliabelericaRoxb.)(83%). While in pot experiment, lowest germination index in jute was found with water (11.05) and in petridish experiment lowest germination percentage was observed with the aqueous extract of arjune (59%). In pot experiment, highest shoot length in jute was found with extract of bohera (55.35 cm) and in petridish experiment highest shoot length in jute was observed with the aqueous extract of bohera (TerminaliabelericaRoxb.)(12.17 cm). While In pot experiment, lowest shoot length in jute was found with water (30.47 cm) and in petridish experiment lowest shoot length in jute was observed with the aqueous extract of neem (9.81 cm). Again,in pot experiment, highest root length in jute was found with extract of bohera (TerminaliabelericaRoxb.) (28.46 cm) and in petridish experiment highest root length was observed with the aqueous extract of bohera (5.65 cm). While In pot experiment, lowest root length in jute was found with water (14.93 cm) and in petridish experiment lowest root length in jute was observed with the aqueous extract of neem (3.77 cm).The thin layer chromatography (TLC) examination of ethanol extract ofBohera(TerminaliabelericaRoxb.)showed five distinct compounds at Hexane -Ethylacetate (1 : 1 w/v). Five different compounds of Bohera (TerminaliabelericaRoxb.) were separately isolated by TLC, _ structure determination by spectroscopic studies in progress which will be reported in due course.