| dc.description | The cow is aptly called the 'foster mother' of the world which is serving mankind from
the time immemorial. The dairy industry began about 7000 years ago and in 3000 BC.
Although no single food is perfect, but milk is the most wholesome and complete
natural food. It is called 'ideal food', because it contains all the food constituents like
vitamins, minerals, proteins, fats and carbohydrates, necessary for health. Moreover, it
is the first food that babies consume in many species. Although milk is an almost
perfect food but sound udder is of prime important for milch cow to produce such
ideal food. This is more true in the case of high yielding animals as their udders are
particularly prone to infection and inflammatory process because of physiological
stress and strain of heavy milk production. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | The study was undertaken to determine the distribution of bacteria in bovine subclinical mastitis
(SCM), sensitivity pattern of isolated organisms to commonly used antibiotics. The study was
performed by using different indirect tests like California Mastitis Test (CMT), Surf Field
Mastitis Test (SFMT) and White Side Test (WST), morphological, cultural, biochemical tests
and antibiogram study during the period of March to August, 2011 at dinajpur district of
Bangladesh. A total of 106 milk samples were tested randomly from healthy milch cows by
using and among which 76 (71.69%) were found to be positive SCM. The positive milk
samples were collected and brought to the Department of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics,
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology
University, Dinajpur. The major pathogens isolated from positive milk samples were
Stapylococcus spp. (23.69%), Escherichia coli (31.58%), Bacillus spp. (13.16%), Staphalococcus
spp. + Escherichia coli (10.53%), Staphalococcus spp.+ Bacillus spp. (05.26%), Bacillus spp.+
Escherichia coli (07.89%). During cultural examination, all isolates produce turbidity on nutrient
broth. Staphylococcus spp. showed golden yellowish colonies on nutrient agar; hemolysis on
blood agar media; In Gram's staining technique Staphylococcus spp. revealed Gram positive,
violet color, cocci arranged in grape-like clusters. All isolates produce acid but no gas by
fermenting various sugars and Gram positive reaction to Catalase and Methyl red test but
negative reaction to Indole and Voges Proskeur test. Bacillus spp. revealed grayish colored
colonies on nutrient agar; hemolysis on blood agar; In Gram's staining technique Bacillus spp.
revealed Gram positive, violet color, short cocco-bacilli or rod and arranged in chain. All isolates
produce acid but no gas by fermenting various sugars and negative reaction to Indol, Methyl red
and Voges Proskeur test. Escherichia coli showed circular smooth colored colony on nutrient
agar; hemolysis on blood agar; bright pink or red colony on MacConkey agar and characteristic
metallic sheen on EMB agar. All isolates produce acid and gas by fermenting various sugars and
Gram positive reaction to Indol, Motility Indole Urease, Methyl red and Catalase test but
negative reaction to Voges Proskeur test. Over all antibiotic sensitivity revealed that gentamicin,
ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline are most efficacious followed by chloramphenicol and
amoxicillin. It is concluded that Escherichia coli, Staphalococcus spp. and Bacillas spp is major
pathogens to produce subclinical mastitis in dairy cows at dinajpur district of Bangladesh as well
as it may be recommended that ciprofloxacin, gentamycin and oxytetracycline in optimum doses
would resolve most cases of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. | en_US |
