| dc.description | Nowadays there still are different chemical pesticides applied in plant protection —
insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, which provide the fastest and highest effect,
but at the same time bring on essential ecological damage: pollute soil and water
sources, destroy entomological communities, cause pathologic changes in bird
and many warm-blooded animal populations. Wide and persistent usage of
chemical pesticides is dangerous to human health and causes unhealthy
environment to human work. Especially negative consequences it may cause in
fruit and vegetable growing, because these products are mostly consumed fresh.
Intensive usage of chemicals is not suitable in ecosystems. To protect different
cultural plants from harmful activity of pests and diseases, more attention should
be paid to developing and establishment of environment friendly regulation
actions. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | An experiment was conducted on naturally occurring growth substances in aqueous
extracts of some common fruit plant leaves viz., indian dillenia (T)), black berry (T>),
olive (T3), jujube (T4), carambula (Ts) for a vegetable crops such as country bean with
the attempt for chemical investigation on effective leave extract. In this study,
observation was made on germination parameters like days to first germination (G)),
time of 50% germination (Tso), co-efficient of germination, vigor index, germination
index and germination percentage, and seedling growth like shoot and root lengths. In
general, most of the leaf extracts showed faster seed germination and seedling growth.
Country bean seeds started to germinate within 4.0 days with the leaf extract of indian
dillenia that has faster germination occurred with indian dillenia leaf extract. Similarly,
completion of 50% germination has taken lowest days (4.75 days) than other
treatments. Slower germination and 50% germination was found with the leaf extract
of carambula. Coefficient of germination, vigor index, germination index and final
germination percentage performed better with the leaf extract of indian dillenia than
others and produced the highest value that has 33.17 %, 56.33, 14.06 and 100.00 %,
respectively. In those cases the leaf extract of carambula showed the lowest values. In
case of shoot length and root length increased with the days after sowing (DAS). At 10
DAS, 15 DAS, 20 DAS, 25 DAS and 30 DAS both shoot and root lengths gave the
highest values with the leaf extract of indian dillenia and the leaf extract of gave the
lowest values. After TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography), chloroform extract and
ethanol extract of indian dillenia was showed distinctly four compounds designated as
C;, C2, C3 and C, for chloroform extract and P;, P2, P3 and P, for ethanol extract. The
intensity of non-polar compound like P; and C; was too much high comparison with
others. The results in this experiment indicate that the aqueous extracts of different
plant species have growth regulatory activity on germination parameters, shoot and root
length on country bean vegetable. For this reason, the crude compounds were extracted
from the powder of indian dillenia plant leaves with different non-polar and polar
solvents like chloroform and ethanol. | en_US |
