NEMATICIDAL USE OF PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST ROOT-KNOT (Meloidogyne javanica) OF TOMATO

Abstract

Standard extracts of Bashak (Adhatoda vasica) and Pineapple (Ananas sp.), Pineapple (A4nanas sp.) and Mustard oil cake (Brassica campestris), Mustard oil cake (Brassica campestris) and Neem (Azadirachta indica), Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Dholkalmi (/pomoea fistulosa), Dholkalmi (Jpomoea fistulosa) and Marigold (Tagetes patula), Marigold (Tagetes patula) and rhizome of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and all standard extracts along with a control were tested against root-knot of tomato caused by Meloidogyne javanica. Among the treatments, Bashak leaf extract and Pineapple extract gave superior result as it had increased shoot and root length as well as fresh weight of shoot and root correspondingly with the lowest galling incidence and development of L2, L3, Ly and adult female stage of Meloidogyne javanica in tomato. Better effect on plant growth characters with lower galling incidence and development of the nematode was observed with Pineapple extract and Mustard oil cake followed by Mustard oil cake and Neem leaf extract. Lower effect of plant growth characters was found with Neem leaf extract and Dhoikalmi leaf extract followed by Dholkalmi leaf extract and Marigold leaf extract. Marigold leaf extract and rhizome extract of Ginger as well as all standard extracts were also found effective compared to control. All extracts performed better in root dipping method than any other extracts used in seed treated method. Negative correlations between gall number with shoot and root length, shoot and root weight as well as positive correlations between gall number with eggmassess, L, and adult female under different treatments indicated the supcrior cffcct of the treatment as cnvisaged with the lowcr galling followed by the suppressive activities of the nematode.