| dc.contributor.advisor | Dr. Mir Rowshan Akter | |
| dc.contributor.author | HOSSAIN, MD. ZAHID | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-04-19T08:30:42Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-04-19T08:30:42Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2014-06 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/231 | |
| dc.description | Zoo provides opportunities to see and interact with animals’ experience and
exposure to animals can be beneficial as educating the public about animals,
pondering over an understanding of the human-animal bond, conserve and save
the animals. The tiger and lions are the most count upon extinction-conservation
topics such as saving the Royal Bengal tigers also lion has susceptible potentials
for transmission of infectious diseases such as outbreaks of diseases like
colibacilosis, | salmonellosis staphylococcosis, cryptosporidiosis, | and
dermatomycosis (ringworm), etc. Most of the infections of concern associated
with petting zoos spread via the fecal-oral route, meaning the bacteria or parasites
are shed in the feces (stool or manure) of an animal and transmitted to people (or
other animals) who swallow them. This usually happens when people get fecal
contamination on their hands, which is then easily transferred to the mouth
(Taylor et al., 2001). According to some reports (WHO, 2006; Strauch 1991;
Hugh-Hones et al., 1995; Goldberg et al., 2007), several species of
microorganism causing diarrhoea can passed into the stool of animals. These
include Salmonella, Campylobacter, E. coli 0157, Giardia (Beaver Fever),
Cryptosporidium and Yersinia. Tiger and lions are often suffered from many
bacterial diseases with often involvement of normal flora or environmental
pathogens in response to stress and immunosuppression. Escherichia coli and
Salmonella sp is a facultative anaerobic, non-spore forming rods both are motile
and Gram negative in Family Enterobactereaceae. Staphylococcus sp and
Streptococcus sp is a Gram-positive Cocci in Chains or Pairs, Catalase positive.
Most of these bacteria has the antimicrobial resistance because of repeated
exposure due to unhygienic condition and lack of proper knowledge of health
monitoring of caged animal as well as feeding with meat may also found due to
improper uses of antibiotics to zoo animals are primary causes of the increase
drug-resistant bacteria. As a result, the bacteria are growing resistant to antibiotic
owing to improper use. It is, therefore, important that sensitivity of different bacteria isolated from diarrhoeic tiger,lions needs to be studied from time to time
in order to formulate appropriate therapeutic measures (Kaura et al. 1988).
Subsequently more powerful and/or new antibiotic is being needed to deal with
the altered bacterial population. In this way the bacteria become more and more
resistant to antibiotics and new generation of antibiotics are being developed. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | The present study was conducted to isolate, identify and characterize the bacterial
pathogens their antimicrobial resistance and molecular detection of E. coli and
Salmonella of tiger and lion during the period from December 2013 to June 2014 in
Dhaka Zoo. In this study there were 42 (twice from 6 tiger and 15 lion) faecal samples
collected from the cages of animals just after defecation and brought to the Microbiology
laboratory of the Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and
Technology Universiy, Dinajpur for bacteriological examination. Isolation and
identification of the microorganisms were confirmed by their morphology on different
cultural media, staining characteristics and biochemical tests. Then, the isolated bacteria
were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility analyzed by the online software ABIS
Encyclopedis/tgw1916, 2014 and detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for E.
coli primers (oligonucleotides) were FR ECO-1 & RV ECO-2 585 bp Pure Link™
Genomic DNA mini kit (Invitrogen, USA) and for Salmonella primers (oligonucleotides)
were Fw & Rv 496 bp Wizard® Genomic DNA Purification Kit (promega, USA) were used
for DNA extraction and 1.5% Agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide was used for gel
documentation. A total of 42 faecal samples were examined for the isolation of bacteria of
which 17 (40.47%) samples were positive for E. coli, 15 (35.71%) samples were positive
for Salmonella sp, 18 (42.85%) samples were positive for Staphylococcus sp. The
antibiogram study revealed that most of the E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus
spp. were resistant to Doxycycline, Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Neomycin, Enrofloxacin,
Ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, Levofloxacin and Tetracycline. However, most of the E. coli,
Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus sp. were susceptible to Neomycin, Gentamicin and
Colistine sulphate this is to indicate that the use of these antimicrobial may have the
preference to be choice in clinical control of Salmonella, E. coli, and Staphylococcus sp
infection. In molecular study, there were 11 isolates resulted as 7 (3 E. coli and 4
Salmonella) samples had positive in PCR both tiger and lion. Most of the isolates have
zoonotic importance and confirmed the presence of either commensal or pathogenic for
tiger and lion in zoo. | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR. | en_US |
| dc.subject | Isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens | en_US |
| dc.subject | Antimicrobial sensitivity test pattern | en_US |
| dc.subject | Molecular characterization by PCR | en_US |
| dc.title | ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS FROM DIARRHOEAL CASES IN TIGER AND LION AT DHAKA ZOO | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
