| dc.description | Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important cereal crop
providing nearly 20% of the total world food requirement. In recent years
attention has been given to wheat cultivation in Bangladesh. An area of
590,000 hectares were under wheat cultivation and produced about 1.07 million
-metric tons of wheat in Bangladesh during 1980-81 and of 8,00,000 hectares
and produced about 1.9 million metric tons of wheat in 2001 (BBS 2002). So
wheat acreage and production in this country has gradually been increasing.
Certainly, there is a real hope and bright possibility of solving the gigantic
‘national food crisis by cultivating wheat in Bangladesh. Wheat has become the
second staple food crop next to rice in Bangladesh and has been reported to be
vulnerable to attack of many diseases (Anonymous 1978; Rangaswami 1979).
Occasionally, wheat diseases have become so devastating as to have forced
‘farmers in some parts of the world to change their cropping pattern. The
climate and agro-ecological conditions of Bangladesh favour the rapid
development and growth of various plant pathogens. The average yield of the
crop is around 2.12 t/h whereas the world average yield is 2.72 metric tones per
ha. Thus the yield of wheat in the country is relatively low. Among the various
factors responsible for low yield of wheat diseases and low seed quality play a
vital role. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | Two experiments were conducted with farmer’s saved wheat seed var.
Kanchan collected from Dinajpur, Thakurgoan, Nilphamary, Pabna,
Chuadanga and WRC to find out their health status and field performance
during April-2005 to June-2006. Laboratory experiment was conducted in the
Plant Pathology Laboratory, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and
Technology University (HSTVU), Dinajpur, and field experiment was at the field
of Wheat Research Center (WRC) Nashipur, Dinajpur. The highest moisture
content (14. 37%) found in farmer’s seed of Chuadanga that of lowest in
WRC’s (12.20) seed sample. Considering the health status, insect and weed
contamination were higher in farmer’s saved seeds than those of WRC‘s
sample. Seeds of WRC always free from varietals mixture crop residues, other
crop seeds and inert matter compared to farmer’s saved seeds depicting the
better status of WRC’s seed samples. In respect of abnormal seed condition
higher amount of black pointed seeds, insect damaged seeds, shriveled seeds,
under sized seeds was found in farmers seed compared to WRC’s seed. The
lower germination percentage, and higher dead seeds, abnormal seedlings were
recorded in farmers saved seed compared to WRC seeds. Fungi associated with
seed sample and their prevalence found were Bpolaris sorokiniana, Aspergillus
spp., Fusarium spp. Alternaria spp Curvularia spp. respectively. The range of
Bipolaris, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Alternaria, oa Curvularia recorded from the
seeds samples were 91.25 - 51.25, 29.75 - 3.25, 21.25 - 8.75, 6.50 — 2.25 and
6.50 — 2.75 respectively. Higher emergence of seedling/m* observed in WRC’s
seed sample retiling the better field performance of WRC’s seed sample at
7DAS and 15 DAS but lower in farmer’s saved seed of Chuadanga. The
percent leaf infection at different observations was high in seed of Chuadanga,
but low in seed WRC in 2™, 3rd and 4" observations for flag leafand pre flag
(f-1) leaf respectively. At first observation the disease incidence was low
initially but it attained maximum at the 5" observation in farmer’s seed samples
of Chuadanga and Pabna. Flag leaf and pre flag (f-1) leaf showed low disease
incidence on seed sample of WRC. The disease incidence gradually increased
with the advanced of time. Plant height, yield and 1000 grain weight was
higher from WRC’s seed sample than farmer’s saved seed of Chuadanga.
Lower number of black pointed seeds, shriveled seeds, under sized seeds, per
spike were recorded in farmer’s saved seeds compared to the seed sample of
WRC as evident with its better health status over the rest of the seed samples. | en_US |
