EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO

Abstract

A pot experiment was conducted inside the net house at Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during the period of November 2024 to February 2025, to study the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and yield of tomato. The experiment was laid out in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) having seven treatments with three replications: T1: N0P0, T2: N1P1, T3: N1P2, T4: N2P1, T5: N2P2, T6: N3P1, T7: N3P2 .Different doses of N (0, 0.35, 0.45, 0.55 g pot-1) and P(0, 0.20, 0.25 g pot-1) were applied in soil based on 0, 80, 100, 120 kg ha-1 and 0, 45, 50 kg ha-1 respectively in soil. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization to the soil influenced the plant growth and yield contributing characters of tomato. The highest value of different parameters such as plant height (The maximum plant height 66.33, 91.67, 106.00 and 118.00 cm was observed in T7 treatment at 30 , 45 ,60 DAT and at harvest respectively), number of leaf plant-1 (14.33, 17.00, 19.33 was observed in T7 at 30, 45 and 60 DAT respectively), number of branches (5.99 and 6.67 was observed in T7 treatment at 45 and 60 DAT respectively), number of flowers plant-1 ( 33.00, 46.00 was observed in T7 at 45 and 60 DAT respectively), no of fruit plant-1 (43.33 was observed in T7 ), weight of fruit (2.10 kg plant-1 was observed in T7 treatment), root length (24.40 cm was observed in T7 ), fresh root weight (14.27 g plant-1 was observed in T7), dry weight of root (4.33 g plant-1 was observed in T7), fresh and dry weight of shoot (305.73 g plant 1 and 16.36 g plant-1) both were observed in T7 treatment. The lowest values of all the parameter of growth and yield contributing characters were found in control T1 treatment. Although highest amount of nutrient in the fruit like Ca, Mg and K (133.00, 88.00 and 106.87 mg/1000gm) fruit were observed in T2 treatment and lowest amount of nutrient in the fruit were observed in T7 treatment. It is showed that the performance of the treatment T7 was the best among all the other treatment. Therefore, the study reveals that the soil application of 120 kg N ha-1 and 50 kg P ha-1 might be an efficient practice for achieving economical tomato production but increasing amount N and P application reduced chemical content (Ca, Mg, K) of tomato fruit.