NPK FERTILIZERS MODULATES THE GROWTH, YIELD AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF BUCKWHEAT PLANTS

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effect of different doses of NPK fertilizers on plant growth, yield and antioxidant enzyme activities of common buckwheat genotype. The LR18 landraces of buckwheat were collected from buckwheat germplasm center of biochemistry and molecular biology department of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. These seeds were sown in the field following the RCBD design. We used different doses of NPK fertilizers (T0: control, T1: urea = 36g/8m2, TSP = 52g/8m2, MOP = 12g/8m2, T2: urea = 44g/8m2, TSP = 60g/8m2, MOP = 20g/8m2, T3: urea = 52g/8m2, TSP = 68g/8m2, MOP = 28g/8m2, T4: urea = 60g/8m2, TSP = 76g/8m2, MOP = 36g/8m2) in soils, these fertilizers were used in 20 days interval. The morphological data were recorded and analyzed from one landrace. Among the morphological data, plant height, distant of first node, number of inflorescence, per plant, raceme length, number of branches,1000 grain weight, and grain weight per plot showed the statistical significance. Our study showed that flowering was started about 28 days after sowing (DAS) and 100% germination was recorded 34 DAS. We randomly collected leaves from seedling stages of buckwheat plants for antioxidant enzyme activity analysis. Our study found the significant differences between plant height, raceme length, grain weight per plot and seed weight per plant. The highest plant height was observed in T4 with mean and standard deviation was 39.77 ± 3.09and these plants showed significant variations control plants and among all treatments. On the other hand, the highest seed weight per plot was observed in T4 with a mean and standard deviation was 483.33 ± 18.24.The antioxidant enzyme activity showed that moderate differences between four treatments. The lowest catalase activity was observed in T4 with a mean and standard deviation was 0.72 ± 0.03. The highest peroxidase activity was measured in T4 with a mean and standard deviation was 8.20 ± 5.50. On the other hand, the highest ascorbate activity was calculated in T4 with a mean and standard deviation was 4.26 ± 0.82. But the highest hydrogen peroxide activity was measured in T2 with a mean and standard deviation was 1.74 ± 0.07. The highest MDA was measured in T0with a mean and standard deviation was 3.57 ± 0.10But the lowest MDA was measured in T4 with a mean and standard deviation was 0.52 ± 0.02. The highest proline was measured in T4with a mean and standard deviation was 2.43 ± 0.22But the lowest proline was measured in T0 with a mean and standard deviation was 0.72 ± 0.09. According to our results it is said that, T4 (T4: urea = 60g/8m2, TSP = 76g/8m2, MOP = 36g/8m2) is a suitable dose between different NPK doses to common buckwheat cultivation.