| dc.description.abstract | Diabetes is one of the four major type of non-communicable diseases that make the
largest contribution to morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to WHO, about
422 million people globally had diabetes, with most living in the developing countries.
Diabetes are closely associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Worldwide, the
prevalence of kidney disease and the metabolic syndrome is becoming a significant
medical concern and public health burden. The prevalence of CKD has reached
epidemic status in 10–12% of the populations, and more than 50% of elderly
worldwide. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in Bangladesh in both urban and
rural areas. Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) plant is an exotic plant in our country. Stevia
leaf is sweet in taste. Its leaves contains different types of steviol glycosides such as
‘stevioside’ which is 250 to 300 times sweeter than sucrose. It is used as a natural
sweetener and has no adverse effects on health. Stevioside provides zero calories in
a wide range of beverages and foods. Some diabetic foods (e. g., cake, candy, and
bread) prepared with artificial sweetener such as saccharin, aspartame etc. are
available in Bangladesh, but these sweeteners has serious adverse effects on
health. Therefore, we aimed to formulate a stevioside-supplemented biscuit using
stevioside as a natural sweetener and to evaluate the effects of this biscuit on kidney
function of the rabbit. We have prepared a stevioside-supplemented biscuit using
stevioside as a sugar substitute and also prepared other two types of biscuit using
sugar and saccharin to compare the results. Then we fed these three types of
biscuits to three separate groups of rabbits and observed their effects on the kidney
function of rabbits. We measured levels of creatinine, albumin, uric acid, urea and
serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride). Biochemical tests were
performed by spectrophotometer and automatic electrolyte analyzer. The results
revealed that the creatinine level was in normal range (0.97–1.13 mg/dl) in
stevioside-supplemented biscuit. Stevioside-supplemented biscuit showed the high
albumin content (3.50- 3.24 g/dl) than that of sugar (3.34-3.17 g/d) and saccharin
(3.33- 3.02 g/dl). Stevioside-supplemented biscuit also contained less urea level
(36.36 mg/dl) and uric acid (0.61 mg/dl) than that of sugar (urea= 47.2; uric acid
=1.03 mg/l) and saccharin (urea=50; uric acid =1.4). Our electrolytes analysis
showed that stevioside fed rabbit’s had good level of sodium (143-139 mmol/l),
potassium (3.6-3.7 mmo/l), and chloride (103.6-102.5 m moil/l) than that of sugar
and saccharin fed rabbits. Altogether, stevioside-supplanted biscuit showed the best
results than sugar and saccharin-supplemented biscuits. Therefore, stevioside
biscuit can be considered as the best sugar alternative biscuit for the diabetic
patients | en_US |
