| dc.description.abstract | Milk is a highly nutritious food to human and animals, but serves as an excellent growth
medium for a wide range of microorganisms. The present cross sectional study was
conducted from January to June 2020 with objective of assessing the hygienic practices
and bacteriological quality of raw milk from dairy farms, and vendor shops in different
settings of Dinajpur district. During the assessment a total of 45 respondents were
interviewed to collect the required information from farmers and vendors about owner
and workers „awareness about pre and post-harvest milk handling practices. The
Physico-chemical analysis parameters were considered to evaluate the quality of milk
samples. The organoleptic properties of milk such as color, flavor and texture were
evaluated with the help of eyes, nose and mouth. Similarly, to clot on boiling test and
Alcohol test was employed to test the quality of milk. Also, Methylene blue reduction
test was used to grading milk from two sources and in all milk sample from vendor shops
were grading as poor quality milk compared the milk from dairy producers. At the same
time, milk samples were collected for laboratory analysis including bacterial load
assessment with isolation and identification. The mean value of bacterial load was found
higher in vending shops (8.1x109 (log 9.9 CFU/mL) followed 6×106
(log 6.4) CFU/mL
Within dairy farms the mean values of bacterial load were highest value in small scale
farms. Among current the milk samples collected, (48%) of the farm settings and (60%)
of milk vending shops were graded as poor quality. In the course of this study, out of 45
samples 30 were found to be positive among bacteria belong to the five genera isolated.
Among them the most frequent isolate was of Staphylococcus aureus (33.3%), E. coli
(23.3%), Salmonella spp. (20%), Klebsiella spp. (14.2%) and Shigella spp. (10.7%).
Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern showed that all the isolated bacteria were sensitive to
Ciprofloxacin (CIP), Chloramphenicol (C), Levofloxacin (LE) followed by
Cefixime(CFM) but resistant to Ampicillin(AMP) Azithromycin, Tetracycline (TE)
which were showed very poor efficacies resistance on many isolates. Only Gentamycin
(GEN) was intermediate antibiotic to Shigella spp. According to international standards
of raw milk quality both of the above counts found to have values above the upper limits.
The quality of milk consumed in the study area was found inferior quality according to
the standard level. Thus, awareness should be strengthened on hygienic methods of
production, handling, transportation and distribution of milk among all level of
producers, milk vending shops and consumers in the town | en_US |
