| dc.contributor.advisor | Dr. Quazi Abdus Samad | |
| dc.contributor.author | Khondaker, Md. Earfan Ali | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-04-18T06:48:10Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-04-18T06:48:10Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2006 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/136 | |
| dc.description | he agriculture sector plays a crucial role in the development of Bangladesh. It shares
15.6% of the GDP and employs about 43.6% of the workforce in the country. Wheat is
one of the main cereal crops in the world as well as in Bangladesh. The average daily per
capita calorie intake is 2240 kilocalories (estimated) per individual. Thus the people of the
region get a significant calorie from wheat. About 4.5% of the total cultivable land is
utilized here for wheat production. Wheat production in the country in year 2009-2010 was
around 1.07 million tons from 0.37 million hectares but the total demand was 3.0-3.5
million tons. Bangladesh needs to import about 2.0-2.5 million tons wheat every year.
Moreover, wheat consumption growth rate is 4.3% per year (BBS 2010). It is grown in
more than 240 million hectares in the world, an area larger than that of any other crop
(Hanson et al.1982). It contributes more calories and protein than any other food crop.
World trade in wheat exceeds all other grains produced. Sharp raised wheat area in many
developing countries as well as in Bangladesh also indicates its importance. Form 1963 to
1980 wheat area and production increased by 9.3 and 15.5 percent per year, respectively
(Hanson et al. 1982). Wheat area and production also continued to increase until 1999. For
the last thirty-four years of post independence period of Bangladesh, annual growth rate of
area, production and yields were 12.70, 8.82 and 24.93 percent, respectively (Table 1.1).
Starting with an area 0.126 million hectares and production of 0.11 million tons in 1971,
the area and production increased to 0.84 million hectares 1.84 million tons, respectively,
in 2000. The yields also increased from 860 kg/ha to 2210 kg/ha during the period. This
increased area, production and yield of wheat spurred mainly because of the introduction
of modern seed-water-fertiliser technologies. After reaching its highest area (0.87 million
hectare) and production (1.9 million tons) in 1999, the area and production was found to be
decreasing during next five years. In 2004, the area decreased to 0.64 million hectares and
production to 1.2 million tons. The yields also reduced to 1952 kg/ha (BBS 2005). In 2010,
the area decreased to 0.37 million hectares and production to 1.07 million tons. The yields
also increased from 1952 kg/ha to 3500 kg/ha from new varieties and production
technology during the period (BBS 2010). | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | The main objective of the present study was to identify and analyze the possibilities for improving
productivity of wheat by increasing the farmers’ productive efficiency. The efficiency of wheat
farmers in the northern region of Bangladesh was measured through the estimation of stochastic
frontier production function used by cross-sectional data for the 2007-2008 crop year. The attempt
of the study was also to determine some socio-economic characteristics and management
practices which influence technical efficiency of wheat production. Technical efficiency was
defined as the ratio of the observed output to the corresponding frontier and was estimated from
the composed error term. Variations in the technical efficiency index across the production units
were explained through a number of farmers and farm characteristics’ variables following Battese
and Coelli (1995) and incorporating the sprit of Rougoor et al. (1998). The yield of wheat varied
across location, farmer and farm categories. The average yield was 3503 kg/ha with the highest
average by trained farmers. It was actually for the adoption of new technologies, new varieties
(HYV) and favorable climate. Fields recording higher yields were sown timely and received more
fertilizers, manure and irrigation. Other socio-agro-economic factors also played roles in the
variation in yields. The biophysical constraints limiting wheat production were lack of quality
seed, excessive weed, poor utilisation of irrigation facilities, etc. The estimates of a generalised
stochastic frontier production function models showed that fertiliser, FYM and irrigation had
significant positive impacts on wheat production. The maximum likelihood method is applied for the
estimation of the parameters of the model and the prediction of the technical efficiencies of the farms and
farm-specific Cobb-Douglas stochastic normalized cost frontier and economic inefficiency effects over
time. The mean farm-specific technical allocative and economic efficiency of wheat growers were
unit’s ranging from 44 to 97%. The coefficient of farmers’ education, wheat farming experience
and training on wheat cultivation were negatively associated in the inefficiency effect models
implying that efficiency increases with the increase of farmers’ education, wheat farming
experience and training on wheat production. Trained farmers adopted more recommended wheat
technologies and achieved higher yield. The results indicated that the majority of wheat farmers in
northern region of Bangladesh operated close to the maximum technically feasible yield levels
and that there was limited potential to improve technical efficiency. Perhaps the most
contemporary interest was that farmers considered maintaining the environment as an important
objective achieved higher level of technical efficiency. The study suggests that the frontier farmers
received higher yields following optimum seeding time, using more fertiliser, manure and
applying timely irrigation with modest use of seed rate, and human labour. However, for
sustainable wheat yield and production more emphasis should be given on updating farmers’
knowledge through proper training/orientations. | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Jahangirnagar University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Importance of Wheat in Bangladesh | en_US |
| dc.subject | Objectives of the Study | en_US |
| dc.subject | Yield Constraifits: Conceptual Issues | en_US |
| dc.title | MEASURING EFFICIENCY OF WHEAT PRODUCTION IN NORTHERN REGION OF BANGLADESH: A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER FUNCTION ANALYSIS | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
