STUDY ON SEROPREVALANCE OF FMD AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF FMDV IN CATTLE AT SAVAR UPAZILA OF BANGLADESH

Abstract

The present study was carried out to observe overall seroprevalence of FMD, molecular characterization of circulating FMD virus from infected cattle and efficacy of antibacterial drugs Sulphadimidine, Gentamycin and Ampicillin against secondary bacterial infection in cattle. The study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2018. A total of 184 serum samples from cattle were collected and indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was used for the detection of antibodies against non-structural proteins of FMD virus. ELISA based screening of serum samples revealed that overall seroprevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease in cattle of studied areas was 94.02%. The seroprevalence of FMD for serotype O and serotype A was higher (95.83% and 95.83%) in male cattle than female (93.18% and 90.91%) respectively. 6 Months to 1year and 2 to 3 years age groups showed significantly (p<0.01) higher seroprevalence 100% than above 4 years age groups for serotype O (82.14%) and serotype A (78.57% ). Local cattles were more seropositive 96.88% compared to cross bred cattle 93.33% for serotype O and 91.67% for serotype A and this variation was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Among 10 clinical samples of FMD from infected cattle, 8 samples were positive for different serotypes by one set of universal primer (P32:P33) of which 2 was identified as serotype ‗Asia-1‘ and 2 were identified as serotype A and 4 samples were identified as mixed infection (1 sample of serotype O+A, 3 samples of O+Asia-1) by mRT-PCR. In this study on therapeutic intervention sulphadimidine significantly (p<0.05) reduces the clinical signs of FMD than Gentamycin and Ampicillin. The higher seroprevalence of disease has substantial economic implications which signify the need for devising effective control measure. However, detection of ‗O‘, Asia-1and ‗A‘ serotype emphasizes the critical need for use of trivalent vaccine in the field. All antibacterial drugs under the study were effective for controlling the secondary bacterial infection in FMD cases.