| dc.description.abstract | The study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of four spices, chili (Capsicum
frutescens), garlic (Allium sativum), ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma
longa) extracts for their toxicity, repellent and residual effects against the red flour
beetle Tribolium castaneum in the laboratory under the Department of Entomology,
HSTU, during March to August 2017. The 5 concentrations (1.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.0625
mg/ml) along with a control were applied in bioassay. The results of the study indicated
that all the spices extracts had different toxic, repellent and residual effect as well as
effective for controlling red flour beetle. Among the spices extracts, the highest mortality
(54.54%) was found in chili whereas turmeric showed the lowest mortality (28.98%).
The order of the toxicity of the spices extracts were found as chili > garlic > ginger >
turmeric. Mortality percentages were directly proportional to the different concentration
level and hours after treatments. All the spices extracts were significantly different. Chili
extract also showed the highest (87.77%) repellence effect among all the spices extracts
applied. On the contrary, turmeric extract showed the lowest (33.33%) repellency effect.
On the basis of repellency class, it was found that chili, garlic and ginger extracts were in
the same repellency class i.e. Class IV and turmeric extract was in class III. All spices
extracts showed good protection of wheat flour by reducing adult emergence over
control. The chili extract showed the highest (64.81%) population inhibition followed by
garlic (61.0), ginger (55.96) and turmeric (38.74) extracts. Considering the toxic,
repellent and residual effect chili spices extract was more effective against red flour
beetle among all the spices extracts applied. | en_US |
