http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2 Sun, 26 Jul 2026 08:12:26 GMT 2026-07-26T08:12:26Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2171 HUMAN DOSES OF DEHP DURING PREGNANCY INFLUENCE POST-NATAL GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION IN OFF-SPRING FEMALE MICE HASAN-UZ-ZAMAN Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that interferes with reproductive function and hormone regulation. Among different exposure routes (oral ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact), the most common routes of exposure are via oral ingestion from food packaging and the use of cosmetic products, but high levels of phthalates are also present in household dust. Thus, exposure to phthalates is ubiquitous in human populations. For the general population, it was estimated that the average total daily individual ambient exposure to DEHP ranges from 0.21 to 2.1 mg/day. Thus, the estimated range of daily human exposure to DEHP is 3–30 μg/kg/day based on urinary metabolite concentrations; however, measurements of DEHP in household dust can reach up to 700 mg/kg, potentially increasing exposure levels in certain individuals. The effect of phthalate on male reproduction is now well studied; however, the effect of phthalate on female reproduction warrants extensive investigation. Because women are exposed to phthalates at a higher level than men through their widespread use of personal care and cosmetic products, In addition, it is hypothesized that phthalate can cross the placenta and interfere with the embryo, postnatal growth and development, and the later life of offspring after parturition. In this study, the Swiss albino female mice were randomly divided into four groups namely T0 (control), T1 (2mg/kg DEHP), T2 (4mg/kg DEHP), and T3 (6 mg/kg DEHP). Mating‟s strategy was followed by two virgin females and one stud male, who were confirmed pregnant by observing a vaginal plug. DEHP was exposed from the plug confirmed to parturition. After parturition, litter size (number of pups), litter weight, weight/pups, and body weight took until sexual maturity, then evaluated the reproductive cyclicity, the hormonal profile, hematological parameters, and organ developments after sexual maturity of female mice. The result showed that from birth to weaning, offspring of the T1 group exhibited a significantly body weight gain compare to the T0 group. On the other hand, considering weaning to sexual maturity, the rate of body weight gain was higher in the T1 and T2 groups compared to the T0 group. The final body weight was higher in the T2 group compared to the offspring of the T0 group. The estrous cyclicity data revealed that the rate of estrous in the T1, T2, and T3 groups were gradually decreased compared to the T0 group, in case of proestrus T1 was increased compared to T0 group but T2, T3 group were decreased compared to T0 group. The rate of diestrus in the T1, T2 and T3 groups were increased compare to the T0 group. On the other hand the rate of metestrus in the T1 and T2 group were decreased compare to T0 group but T3 was increased compared to T0 group. In the hormonal assay, the percentage of estrogen in the T1, T2 and T3 were gradually decreased compared to T0 group and the percentages of progesterone levels in the treatment groups were decreased significantly. Hematological parameters showed that the platelets in the T1, T2, and T3 groups were significantly higher than T0 group. In the term of neutrophil percentage, the T3 group was significantly lower than the other groups, Lymphocyte percentage in the T1, T2, and T3 groups were significantly higher than the T0 group. In case of total WBC count in the T1, T2 and T3 groups were increased compared to T0 group. The hematological parameters of PCT, RDW-CV, and RDW-SD were significantly lower in the T1, T2, and T3 groups than the T0 group. The percentage of monocytes in the T1, T2 and T3 were gradually decreased compared to T0 group. In cases of organ development, lung weight in the T1 and T3 groups were significantly increased from the T0 group but the T2 group was decreased from T0 group. In the T1, T2 and T3 groups, kidney and liver weight were significantly higher than in the T0 group. Heart weight in the T2 and T3 groups were significantly higher than in the T0 group. In the same way, spleen weight is comparatively higher in the T1 and T2 groups compared to the T0 group. There were no significant changes in the thyroid, uterus, or ovaries. Visual observation of the morphological characteristics of different organs showed that slight discoloration of the liver and lung was substantially affected in T3 group compared to T0 group. HUMAN DOSES OF DEHP DURING PREGNANCY INFLUENCE POST-NATAL GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION IN OFF-SPRING FEMALE MICE; A THESIS BY HASAN-UZ-ZAMAN, Student No. 1504096, Semester: July-December, 2023, Session: 2022-2023; MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.S.) IN GENETICS AND ANIMAL BREEDING, DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND ANIMAL BREEDING, HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY DINAJPUR-5200; DECEMBER 2023. Fri, 01 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2171 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2166 EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON AZOTOBACTER AND CYANOBACTERIAL POPULATION AND RICE CROP IN PIEDMONT SOIL RAHMAN, MD. MANSUR A study was undertaken to evaluate the combined effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the indigenous Azotobacter and cyanobacterial population in soil and on the growth and yield of rice for the Boro-fallow-T. aman rice cropping pattern. The study was carried out both at the field and the laboratory of the Department of Soil Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur. In the field experiment, BRRI dhan28 (boro) and Kataribhog (aman) were grown following the rice-rice cropping pattern in the two consecutive years of 2009 and 2010 in Piedmont soil (AEZ#1). The study was initiated in November 2008 and was continued up to January 2011 to complete two crop cycles with boro rice (BRRI dhan28) as the first crop and T. aman rice (Kataribhog) as the second crop in each cycle. The experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eleven treatments having three replications. The 11 treatment combinations consisting of N, P, K, S, Zn, cowdung (CD), poultry manure (PM) and mustard oil cake (MOC) including one control treatment were as follows- T0 : Control, T1 : 100 % RFD on the soil test basis, T2 : 75% RFD+25% CD, T3 : 50% RFD+50% CD, T4 : 75% RFD+25% PM, T5 : 50% RFD+50% PM, T6 : 75% RFD+25% MOC, T7 : 50% RFD+50% MOC, T8 : 75% RFD+25 % (CD, PM, MOC), T9 : 50% RFD+50% (CD, PM, MOC) and T10 : 34% CD + 33% PM + 33% MOC. Data were recorded on yields, yield components and N, P, K and S contents and uptake by the grain and straw of rice. In the laboratory indigenous cyanobacterial and Azotobacter population in soil under study were determined before transplantation, 30 and 60 days after transplanting (DAT) and after harvest of rice crops. Soil organic matter status, total N, available P, S and exchangeable K of soil were also determined at 30 and 60 DAT and after harvest of rice crop to assess the nutrient dynamics due to impose of different treatments. The results of the present investigation indicated that integration of organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly influenced the yield and yield components of rice, indigenous cyanobacterial and Azotobacter population in soil and soil chemical properties. Results showed that the highest grain yields of boro rice of 6.09 and 5.75 and those of straw of 6.86 and 7.65 t ha-1 were recorded in treatment T8 having 75% chemical fertilizer and 25% organic manures during boro seasons of 2009 and 2010, respectively. The lowest grain yields of 3.15 and 2.82 and those of straw yields of 3.88 and 3.37t ha-1 were recorded in T1 during 2009 and 2010, respectively. The highest grain yields of T. aman rice of 5.40 and 4.90 and those of straw yields of 10.21 and 11.21t ha-1 were recorded in T8 during T. aman seasons of 2009 and 2010 respectively. The lowest grain yields of T. aman rice of 2.78 and 2.28 and those of straw yields of 4.67 and 5.67t ha-1 were found in T1 during 2009 and 2010, respectively. The yield components viz. plant height, tillers hill-1, panicle length, grains panicle-1 and 1000 grain weight were significantly affected by the treatments and the maximum values were recorded in treatment T8. The highest N, P, K and S contents and uptake by rice were recorded in treatment T8. Cyanobacterial and Azotobacter population was significantly affected by the treatments. Higher cyanobacterial population was recorded in 2010 than those were observed in 2009. On the contrary, cyanobacterial population was higher in boro season than those were recorded in T. aman season of the same year. Similar pattern of Azotobacter popular was recorded during the entire period but the population was higher in boro season than those of T. aman season. Soil organic matter and nutrient status such as total N, available P, S and exchangeable K were slightly increased due to experimentation. From the overall results, it can be concluded that integration of organic and inorganic fertilizers can save 25% chemical fertilizer without any yield decline. EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON AZOTOBACTER AND CYANOBACTERIAL POPULATION AND RICE CROP IN PIEDMONT SOIL; A DISSERTATION FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN SOIL SCIENCE BY MD. MANSUR RAHMAN, STUDENT No: 0805002, SESSION: 2008; DEPARTMENT OF SOIL SCIENCE, HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, BANGLADESH. Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2166 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2165 EFFECTS OF LIME, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM ON CROP YIELDS OF DIFFERENT CROPPING PATTERNS IN ACID SOILS ISLAM, MD. SADEQUL Experiments were conducted during 2012-2014 at HSTU farm (AEZ-1) and Farmer’s’field (FF) (AEZ-27) under Dinajpur district following two cropping patterns viz. Wheat-Mungbean-T.aman and Wheat-fallow-T.aman to evaluate the effects of lime, P and K on yields of crop as well as soil properties. There were seven treatment combinations viz. L0 (control), L1, L2, L1P, L2P, L1PK and L2PK. The experiments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications. The doses of lime were 0, 1 and 2 t ha-1 for both locations. The P was 20, 13 and 6 kg ha-1 for Wheat-Mungbean-T.aman at HSTU and 25, 22 and 12 kg ha-1 at FF respectively. The rate of K was 80, 32 and 50 kg ha-1 at HSTU and 61, 30 and 42 kg at FF. Other nutrients i.e. 15-100 kg N, 8-15 kg S, 1-2 kg Zn and 1-1.5 kg B were applied as basal irrespective of crops and locations on soil test basis (FRG 2012). Lime was added to the first crop only and its residual effects were evaluated on the succeeding crops over 2-crops cycles. The chemical fertilizers Urea, TSP, MoP, Gypsum, Zinc Sulphate and Boric acid were used as sources of N, P, K, S, Zn and B respectively. The varieties used were BARI Gom-26 for wheat, BU Mung-4 for mungbean and BRRI dhan57 for T.aman. Soil and plant samples were collected and analyzed. Application of lime, P and K significantly increased the growth and yield contributing characters, grain and straw yields of all crops irrespective of patterns at both locations. The direct and residual effects of lime were more prominent on crop yields followed by K and then P. The performance of different treatments was better at HSTU farm than Farmer’s field (FF). The yield of L1PK treatment was the highest; which was followed by L2PK for all crops and locations. In general, the crop yields of FF were relatively low due to higher acidity. The total uptake of P by crops was lower than the applied amount but the uptake of K was much higher than the added amount. The uptake of N, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and B were increased with the increase in yield due to different treatments. Soil pH was increased by 0.4-1.21 units irrespective of location and the higher values were observed with higher rates of lime application. The available P was increased in P treated plot and decreased in P control plot. The status of exchangeable K remained almost unchanged in treated plot but decrease in control plot. The status of available Zn, B, Fe and Mn were decreased over initial status but the status of total N and available S remained almost unchanged due to cropping and fertilization. The highest gross margin and BCR was found due to L1PK treatment for all crops and locations and this was followed by L2PK. Wheat-Mungbeam-T.aman cropping pattern was found more profitable than Wheat-fallow-T.aman cropping pattern. Economic analysis also showed dominance of 1 t ha-1 lime with P and K (L1PK) treatment combinations than others. This study recommends that amendment of soil with lime (dolomite) @ 1 t ha-1 with PK fertilizer inclusion of legume crop in cropping pattern might be an efficient practice for achieving sustainable soil fertility and crop yield in Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain (AEZ-1) and North Eastern Barind Tract (AEZ-27) soils of Bangladesh. EFFECTS OF LIME, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM ON CROP YIELDS OF DIFFERENT CROPPING PATTERNS IN ACID SOILS; A Dissertation Submitted in accordance with the requirements of the Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By MD. SADEQUL ISLAM, Reg. No. 1105046, Year 2011, Department of Soil Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur; May 2016. Sun, 01 May 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2165 2016-05-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2162 Cold Stress on Some Selected Boro Rice Seedlings and Amelioration by Biochemical Approaches Ali, Md. Jafar Cold stress is one of the critical environmental conditions that adversely affects crop growth and development resulting limit of yield and productivity. Field and Laboratory experiments were carried out three successive years to investigate the morpho-physiological functions of seedlings of eight rice varieties for cold survival mechanism during low temperature in Northwest Bangladesh and yield potential. The test rice cultivars from BRRI hybrid- BRRI hybrid dhan3 and BRRI hybrid dhan5, and HYV rice were BR 18 (Shahjalal), BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan29 while indigenous cultivars were Lafaya, Biron dhan and Jagli. The root and shoot length, root and shoot weight, mean germination time, % survival or mortality, seedling vigor were recorded. Antioxidant enzyme activities like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were investigated at low temperature during study period. The leaf proline, chlorophyll, total carotenoid content was determined at ambient cold temperature and 6 °C in growth chamber during study period. Results indicated that low temperature and rice varieties had significant effect on the parameters studied while the salicylic acid positively improved the seedling growth and vigor. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities were increased in BRRI hybrid dhan5 at cold environment than those of other tested varieties. The BRRI hybrid dhan5 synthesized the highest amount of proline at 6 °C but the lower at ambient low temperature. The lowest amount of proline among the tested varieties was observed in cv. Lafaya at ambient low temperature and at 6 °C Similarly, the highest amount of chlorophyll-a was biosynthesized by BRRI hybrid dhan5 at ambient temperature but 6 °C while Salicylic acid application stimulated the chlorophyll. A significant variability was observed among the varieties regarding survival rate and mortality. The survival potentiality at low temperature environment during study period was observed as BRRI hybrid dhan5>BRRI hybrid dhan3>BRRI dhan28>Lafaya>Biron, respectively. The present finding infers that BRRI hybrid dhan5 showed the better survival potentiality than those of indigenous varieties during cold temperature by increasing anti-oxidant enzyme activities, higher synthesizing proline, and chlorophyll production resulted more biomass partitioning in root and shoot and increased seedling vigor index with low mortality that might inhibit cold injury due to occasional cold wave during Boro seedling raising time in winter and protect the seedling from adverse climate change effect. Salicylic acid application of 75 ppm, a biochemical approach that positively increased the seedling survival and improved the seedling growth during cold stress might be helpful for seedling raising in Northwest Bangladesh. Cold Stress on Some Selected Boro Rice Seedlings and Amelioration by Biochemical Approaches; A Dissertation Submitted in accordance with the requirements of the Hajee Mohammed Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By Md. Jafar Ali, Student No. : 1105100, Session: January 2018; DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, HAJEE MOHAMMED DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY DINAJPUR, BANGLADESH; December, 2022. Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2162 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z