http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/150 2026-07-26T08:19:47Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2160 AN APPROACH OF DEVELOPING PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF DISEASE FREE QUALITY SEED POTATO HUDA, MUHAMMAD SHAMSUL The experiments were conducted at the research field and post graduate laboratory of Plant Pathology Department, HSTU, Dinajpur, during November 2014 to march 2018 to improve the technique of low-cost disease free potato seed production protocol. Farm saved seed was compared with certified seed, positive selection seed, seed plot technique’s seed and TLS seeds potato in 1st experiment. The different seed planting time of 15th October, 4th November, 24th November and 14th December and different Haulm pulling time at 68, 75, 82 and 89 DAP were evaluated in 2nd experiment. The different size of mother seed tuber like S1 = 15 to 25 mm, S2 = 25 to 35 mm, S3 = 35 to 45 mm and S4 = 45 to 55 mm diameter with different concentration of gibberellic acid (GA3) like G00 = 00 ppm, G20 = 20 ppm. G40 = 40 ppm, G60 = 60 ppm were used to evaluate in 3rd experiment. The four different categories of seed potato viz. Minituber, Breeder seed, Foundation seed and Certified seed were used to advance generation in 4th experiment. In the 5th experiment 35 to 45 mm and 35 to 45 mm seed tuber with the haulm pulling at 75, 82, 89, 96 and 103 days after planting (DAP) were evaluated to adjusting haulm pulling time for GA3 treated seed tuber. The maximum yield (27.72 ton/ha) was recorded from Positive Selection’s Seeds which was similar with Certified and Seeds of SPT. But, the maximum plants (≥ 8 %, 7.33 % and 4.17 %) were infected by PVY, PLRV and PMV respectively in Farmer’s seed. 100% emergence was recorded from all planting time except 15 October. Maximum late blight (LB) infestation (2.90%) and LB severity i.e. PDI (21.81) was recorded in planting time of 24th November during 1st week of January 2017. At 60 DAP, maximum potato virus Y infected plants (2.08%) were identified from 24th November planting time which was followed by 4th November. At haulm pulling time, the highest percentage (9.38%) of PMV affected plants was counted from 24 November. The maximum infected plants (PRLV 3.13%, PMV 4.69% and PVY 2.6 %) were recorded from late haulm pulling (89 or 82 DAP). The maximum potato yield (29.23 ton/ha) and seed potato yield (23.87 ton/ha) were recorded from 24 November with HP 89 DAP and 4 November with 82 DAP, respectively. The highest (23.05) branch number of sprouts /tuber were recorded from S4G40. The maximum percentage of potato mosaic virus and potato leaf roll virus was found at G60. The maximum and minimum percentage of potato leaf roll virus was found in S1 and S4. The height (42.67 ton/ha) yield was recorded from S4G60 which was similar with S3G40. In 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation, the maximum 0.46 %, 1.39 % and 5.56% plants were naturally infected by potato virus Y in certified seeds. The minimum 0%, 0% and 0.46% plants were naturally infected by potato virus Y in minituber. Similar results were recorded for PLRV. The infestation of Rhizoctonia canker, common scab and deformed tuber of potato were also increased with increasing generation. In 1st generation, the highest healthy tuber yield (36.58 ton/ha) was recorded from breeder seed. In 2nd and 3rd generation, the highest healthy tuber (36.39 ton /ha and 32.85 ton/ha) was found from progeny of minituber. But increasing generation decrease the healthy tuber yield except minituber (7.06% increase in 2nd generation). The maximum infected plants ((PMV 3.70%, PVY 2.78 % and PRLV 4.32 %,) were recorded from late haulm pulling (103 DAP). The maximum seed potato yield (29.28 ton/ha) was recorded from 96 DAP haulm killing which was similar with 89 and 103 DAP haulm killing. The highest benefit-cost ratio was observed in of 35 - 45 mm mother seed (40 ppm GA3 treated) with haulm pulling at 96 DAP (2.83). For seed potato production, best planting time is 1st week of November and haulm pulling at 75 to 82 DAP in conventional system. But by using 40 ppm GA3 in mother seed tuber with haulm pulling at 89 DAP is suitable and profitable for seed potato production. Farm saved seed should be avoided and increasing generation of seed potato decrease the yield of seed potato. AN APPROACH OF DEVELOPING PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF DISEASE FREE QUALITY SEED POTATO; A DISSERTATION BY MUHAMMAD SHAMSUL HUDA, STUDENT NO. 1405211; DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN PLANT PATOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY, HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY DINAJPUR, BANGLADESH; SEPTEMBER 2019. 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/783 DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTHY SEED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF RADISH (RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.) RASHID, MD. MAMUNUR Radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Tasaki Mula) belonging to the family Cruciferae, the high yielding tropical annual type, developed by the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, was used in the present investigations. In total, 27 seed samples were randomly collected from 27 farmers comprising nine farmers from each of three upzillas viz. Thakurgaon sadar, Birgonj and Kaharol of Dinajpur district for testing their quality and health status. Laboratory studies revealed that all the seed samples were infected with Alternaria at different range of infection (0.5-25.4%), Alternaria brassicae was recorded as the dominant pathogen, where A. brassicicola wok alternata were found minor. The efficacies of four seed treating fungicides (Iprodione, Mancozeb, Carbendazim and Vitavax-200) and one bio-control means (BAU-Biofungicide) were tested for their performance of raising stickling in seed beds. Among the chemicals, Mancozeb was found superior to other fungicides in terms of increasing the field emergence and stickling stand by 53.16% and 65.38%, respectively and lowering post emergence death by 58.91% over non-treated control. BAU-Biofungicide was found statistically at par with Mancozeb where the field emergence and stickling stand were increased by 40.65% and 50.59%, respectively over non-treated control with a decrease of post emergence death by 47.39%. Pathogenicity studies in pots showed that Alternaria brassicae, A. brassicicola and A. alternata were pathogenic to radish plants. But A. brassicae was found as major and_A. brassicicola and A. alternata were minor pathogens. In field studies on foliar spray’ Iprodione (0.25%) followed by Mancozeb (0.3%) provided maximum control of Alternaria blight and increased seed yield. The results in second cropping Season (2005-2006), 10 December (early) transplanting with three sprays of Iprodione resulted lowest leaf area diseased, whereas plants in 25 December (normal) transplanting had the lower pod area diseased. In third cropping season (2006-2007), 25 October transplantation with BAU-Biofungicide (2.0%) and Iprodione (0.25%) foliar application showed significant effect in reducing Alternaria blight and increased seed yield by 120.45% and 97.73%, respectively over non-sprayed control. Bio-Biofungicide ranked second in reducing the disease, but ranked first in increasing seed yield. The cost benefit analysis of management practices for radish seed crop during 2005-2006 revealed that stickling transplanting in 25 December (normal) with two sprays of IprSdione (0.25%) yielded the highest return (BCR 3.27), whereas negative result (BCR -0.89) has been estimated in case of non-sprayed control plots in late transplanting (10 January). But cost benefit analysis of cropping season 2006- 2007 revealed that BAU-Biofungicide (2.0%) six sprays yielded the highest return (BCR 4.41) followed by six sprays of Iprddione (BCR 3.90). Out of the three different storage conditions (dehumidified, BADC storage and farmers house) and four different containers (metal, glass bottle, polythene bag and plastic bottle), maximum germination (95.25%) with lowest (3.00%) infection was recorded in dehumidified conditions in metal container, while lowest germination (71.25%) with highest (6.25%) infection was obtained in case of farmers conditions of plastic bottle. There was increase in starch, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and ash in the diseased seed as compared to healthy looking seed but crude protein and crude lipid were decreased in diseased seed as compared to healthy looking seed. Sugar was higher in Alternaria infected seed than the healthy looking seeds of radish variety cv. Tasaki Mula. Finally, it may be concluded that Integration of early transplanting (25 October) with foliar sprays of BAU-Biofungicide (2.0%) was found best for eco-friendly management of Alternaria blight of radish seed crop with significantly higher seed yield. Radish (Raphanus sativus L., n=9) belonging to the family Cruciferae is a popular and widely grown vegetable in Bangladesh as well as in different parts of the world. It has multidimensional uses as dish item like vegetable, green leaf, salad, pickle, sauce and also used as chicken feed. Radish gets its English name, as well as similar names in French and Italian, from radix, the Latin word for "root," especially a radish root. Radish is thought to be originated in Caspian-sea to EastMediterranean region. But Italy is the origin of wild annual radish and East-Syria is the origin of biennial radish (Rashid, 1999). It is the third most important vegetable crop next to potato and eggplant (Rashid, 1999) and fifth most important vegetable seed crop next to onion, amaranth, eggplant and chillies in Bangladesh (Anon., 1997). Now days this crop is being cultivated round the year. At present 445 tons of radish seeds are produced in 44 thousand hectares of land in the country. Total requirement of radish seed in Bangladesh is above 700 tons for vegetable purposes (Anon., 1997). Out of the total requirement, 48% is locally produced by tremment, NGOs and some seed companies and rest 52% is imported from abroad (Hoque. 2005). The cultivation of radish as seed crop has become very popular among the vegetable growers of the Dinajpur region of Bangladesh and now it is zero alternative fast coming vegetables cum green leaves at scarcity period of vegetables due to prevailing long time flood and rains. 2008-05-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/151 BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF ROOT-KNOT OF TOMATO HASSAN, S. M. A EMDADUL Extracts of botanicals viz. leaf extracts of neem (Azadirachta indica), marigold (Tagetes patula), dholkalmi (Ipomoea fistulosa), bashak (Adhatoda vasica), shatodrone (Leucas aspera), tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), datura (Datura metal), durba (Cynodon dactylon), thunkuni (Centella asiatica) and biskathali (Polygonum hydropiper); rhizome extracts of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa); mustard (Brassica campestris) oil-cake extract, bulb extract of onion (Allium cepa) and garlic (Allium sativum); fruit extracts of bitter-gourd (Momordica charantia) and pineapple (Ananas comosus) and root extract of shatamuli (Asparagus racemosus) along with BAU-Biofungicide were evaluated in the laboratory on juvenile (Jz stage) mortality of Meloidogyne javanica. The studies were conducted in the laboratory and in the field laboratory of the Department of Plant Pathology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh. Out of eighteen extracts of botanicals, Adhatoda vasica (S/100) has been found more effective followed by Ananas comosus (S/10), Brassica napus oil-cake (S/10) and Tagetes patula (S/10) on 100% juvenile (Jz stage) mortality of Meloidogyne javanica after 96 hour of exposure in-vitro. BAU-Biofungicide (2%) exerted superior result on juvenile mortality of Meloidogyne javanica. In case of pot experiment, seven selected extracts of botanicals (leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica, Tagetes patula, Ipomoea fistulosa and Adhatoda vasica; rhizome extract of Zingiber officinale, oil-cake extract of Brassica campestris and fruit extract of Ananas comosus) and BAU-Biofungicide were evaluated against root-knot (Meloidogyne javanica) of tomato var. Raton. Out of the botanical extracts, bashak (Adhatoda vasica) followed by pineapple (Ananas comosus) showed better performance on shoot and root length, shoot and root weight with higher yield of tomato consequently with the reduced galling as well as suppressed number of eggmass, Jo, J3, J4 stages and adult females of Meloidogyne javanica. But BAU-Biofungicide was found superior over the extracts of botanicals. In seedbed experiment, seed treatment with BAUBiofungicide resulted higher response on plant growth of tomato as well as reduced galling incidence, eggmass, juveniles and adult female in tomato root-knot (Meloidogyne javanica) of 30 days old tomato seedling over the control. The selected extracts of botanicals (leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica, Tagetes patula, Ipomoea fistulosa and Adhatoda vasica, thizome extract of Zingiber officinale, oil-cake extract of Brassica campestris and fruit extract of Ananas comosus), BAU-Biofungicide and curaterr were evaluated against rootknot (Meloidogyne javanica) of tomato var. Raton under field condition. Higher plant growth (length of shoot and root, weight of shoot and root), fruit yield (number of fruit as well as weight of fruit per plant) corresponding lower galling incidence (number of galls/g root), eggmass, Jo, J3, J4 and adult females in tomato plants were recorded by applying BAUBiofungicide and curaterr. Out of the extracts of botanicals used, Adhatoda vasica was found superior in controlling root-knot (Meloidogyne javanica) of tomato followed by Ananas comosus by root dipping plus soil drenching after 7 days of transplantation. The highest benefit-cost ratio was recorded in case of BAU-Biofungicide (2%) as root dipping and soil drenching (2%) after 7 days of transplantation followed by spraying of BAU-Biofungicide (2%) at every 10 days interval initiated 14 days after transplantation at 90 days after inoculation. Tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum L.) belonging to the family solanaceae is one of the most important, popular and nutritious vegetable crops grown in the country. It is abundantly available in the winter season in Bangladesh. At present, tomato ranks third next to potato and sweet potato in terms of world vegetable production (FAO, 2008) and tops the list of canned vegetables (Choudhury, 1979). Besides, it ranks second in importance to potato in the tropics on the basis of production and economic importance. In Bangladesh, 19.8 thousand hectare of land was under cultivation of tomato where total production was 143.0 thousand metric tons per annum approximately (BBS, 2008). However, its yield in Bangladesh (6.82 t / ha) is much lower compared to even the neighbouring countries like India (17.00 t / ha), Pakistan (9.67 t / ha), Srilanka (7.57 t / ha), Philippines (8.77 t / ha) and Thailand (23.79 t / ha) as per FAO (2008) because of its poor agronomic practices and lack of proper disease management (Hassan et al. 2005 a). 2010-05-01T00:00:00Z