http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/137 2026-04-17T17:09:31Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1893 EFFECT OF WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION PRACTICES ON FATE OF INORGANIC NITROGEN, PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD IN RICE RAHMAN, SHAH MOINUR EFFECT OF WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION PRACTICES ON FATE OF INORGANIC NITROGEN, PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD IN RICE A Dissertation Submitted to The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Iwate University In Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2014-03-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/915 ADDITIVE MAIN EFFECTS AND MULTIPLICATIVE INTERACTION ANALYSIS IN UPLAND COTTON (Gossypium hirsutum L.) ALI, M.M. Abed Twenty genetically diverged genotypes of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) received from Cotton Development Board, Dhaka were used to investigate their performances in three locations (Jessore, Rangpur and Dinajpur) over four consecutive years (2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 and 2013-14). At the beginning of investigation, the genotypes were characterized and evaluated on 12 morphophysiological characters including seed cotton yield (kg ha-1). Days to 1st flowering was long and ranged from 47-56 days, suggested prolong crop duration in cotton. The unbrust bolls plant-1 was a detrimental character for reducing yield potential of the genotypes. The PCV(Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation) value was higher than corresponding GCV(Genotypic Coefficient of Variation) for all characters, suggested polygenic controlled of the characters and thus had environmental effects (locations and years) for the full expression of the characters. Among the twelve characters, plant height, bolls per plant, boll weight and seeds per boll exhibited higher than 90% heritabilities but plant height itself showed wider difference between PVC and GCV, indicated the strong effect of environment. Therefore, except plant height other three characters might into consideration in selection or hybridization program to improve the ultimate character seed cotton yield. High heritability (h2 b=90.36%) coupled with high genetic advanced (58.49%) was estimated for bolls plant-1 hence the character might improve through simple selection which ultimately improve yield potential in cotton. A total of 55 pairs of characters combinations were drawn both at genotypic (rg) and phenotypic (rp) levels to estimate correlation coefficients. Vegetative branches plant-1 and unbrust bolls plant-1 exhibited negative and significant association and six characters namely secondary fruiting branches plant-1, main stem nodes plant-1, days to 1st flowering, bolls plant-1, boll weight and seeds boll-1 showed positive and significant association with seed cotton yield both at genotypic and phenotypic levels. But simultaneous consideration of genetic parameters, genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients and path analysis of genotypic correlation with seed cotton yield. Five characters might consider constructing selection indices for ultimate improve of seed cotton yield among the genotypes. The higher genotypic correlation coefficient in respect of related phenotypic correlation coefficient suggested inherent relationships of the characters either positive or negative directions with seed cotton yield. Thesis submitted to the Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING BY M.M. Abed Ali Registration No. 1005133 2017-06-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/141 EVALUATION AND IMPROVEMENT OF DEVELOPED INBRED LINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYBRID MAIZE (Zea mays L.) AZAD, MOHAMMAD ABUL KALAM As a part of hybrid maize breeding program under the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, ten single cross maize hybrids were collected from different sources to develop source population and accordingly thirty nearly homozygous lines were raised up to F4 selfed generation, from where the inbred lines were received to advance for next two generations. The entire research work was divided into four experiments and accomplished during the period of 2009-2013. All the field trials were conducted in each rabi season of each year. Only three inbred lines were derived from each of the single cross hybrids. The homozygosity in fifth and sixth selfed generations were tested by some biometrical approaches like paired“t” test, pooled analysis, correlated response and genotypic and phenotypic correlation of fifteen quantitative characters. Of the thirty inbred lines, ten lines yet to be heterozygous for 1-2 quantitative characters and cob girth alone showed maximum heterozygosity in most of the inbred lines which was assessed by significant paired“t” values between fifth and sixth selfed generations. Slow correlated response in between two generations was the indicator of homozygosity among the inbred lines for the quantitative characters. Since self breeding depression was the major barrier in inbred lines development, the negative correlated response for days to 50% tasseling and days to 50% silking had further confirmed the attainment of homozygosity among the inbred lines. Finally the non significant mean differences for each of the fifteen pair of characters of fifth and sixth selfed generations revealed fairly homozygosity among the inbred lines. The genetic diversity in the inbred lines was estimated by Mohalanobis’s D” statistics; thereby the thirty inbred lines were grouped into six clusters. The cluster IV was the biggest and comprised with 8 inbred lines and the cluster III was the smallest which comprised with 2 inbred lines. Both cluster distances and rank distributions were considered in selecting the superior inbred lines for combining ability test. In view of that six parental lines viz. ML01, ML02, ML05, ML1S, ML25 and ML29 were integrated in hybridization operated in a half diallel fashion. The inbred lines, ML01, MLO5 and ML29 appeared as the best general combiners with significant GCA, while the crosses like ML01xML02, ML02xML05, ML02xML29 and ML05xML29 exhibited the significant SCA against GY/P. The simultaneous consideration of SCA and standard heterosis suggested that the F; hybrid (ML02xML29) should be promoted instantly for commercial cultivation by the hybrid maize growers of the country. At the end of the study a total of thirty six treatments were employed with MS, N¢ and three concentrations 2,4-D. The six parental lines were differentially responded to the treatments and finally an effective protocol was developed to utilize in genetic transformation. Maize is the most important cereal crop in the world in terms annual production (FAO, 2012), belonging to tribe Maydeae, of the grass family, Poaceae. The crop is native to Central America. Zea mays is the only species in the genus Zea. It has two close relatives viz. the genera, Tripsacum (gamagrass) and Teosinte, (euchalaena) under the American tribe, Maydeae. Again the genus, Teosinte included five Asiatic relatives viz. the genera, Chinonachne, Sclerachne, Coix, Trilobachene and Polytoca under the same tribe. It is relatively a short duration C, plant and one of the major food grains grown throughout the developed and developing countries. In developing countries, small growers grow much for their own consumption and also it provides a modest source of income. It has the potential to produce the largest quantity of food grains per unit area and is also an important source of industrial raw material e.g., for the manufacture of starch, dextrose, oil, syrup, enzyme, adhesive, paper and plastic materials. 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/138 INHERITANCE OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.) HASANUZZAMAN, MD. The present research program was undertaken to study the inheritance of quantitative characters related to yield in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). The experiment was conducted at R & D Farm, Lal Teer Seed Limited, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Detailed gene actions in association with combining ability, heterosis, heritability and path analysis were studied. Based on the degree of divergence among genotypes, the 20 accessions, CCA 1, CCA 2, CCA 3, CCA 4, CCA 5, CCA 6, CCA 7, BARI Morich 1, CCA 9, CCA 10, CCA 11, CCA 12, CCA 13, CCA 14, CCA 15, CCA 16, CCA 17, CCA 18, CCA 19 and CCA 20 could be grouped into six clusters. Six different homozygous divergent parents CCA 2, CCA 5, BARI Morich 1, CCA 11, CCA 15 and CCA 19 were selected for 6X6 diallel cross excluding reciprocals from six different clusters using ranking among genotypes within cluster. Yield per plant, at phenotypic and genotypic level, was significantly and positively correlated with fruit length, fruit weight and number of fruits per plant and days to fruit maturity (green). The direct effect of number of fruits per plant was very close to correlation value at phenotypic and genotypic level. Selection should be done through number of fruits per plant. GCA variance was significant for all the traits and significant SCA variance was observed for all the measured variables except fruit width. Both additive and non-additive effects influence the performance of the hybrid in all the traits. The non-additive effects played a more important role than additive effects. The parents CCA 5, BARI Morich 1 and CCA 19 were found good general combiners. Considering the SCA effects and mean performance, hybrids 36 and 23 were best and showed better performance in average and standard heterosis. Top two yield per plant were obtained in hybrids 36 (898.87g) and 23 (833.63g). Indigenous X exotic crosses showed significant heterobeltiosis. Broad sense heritability of all the 11 characters was above 90% indicating highly heritable. Narrow sense heritability of days to 50% flowering, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, days to fruit maturity (green), days to maturity (ripe), plant height, plant canopy width were high and number of seeds per plant, number of fruits per plant, yield per plant were medium according to classification of Robinson (1965). Estimates of heritability by mid parent-offspring regression indicated that all the characters were highly heritable. Gene action for yield and yield contributing traits were studied in four selected crosses, involving five parents including their F;'s, F's and first back crosses generations in this work. The significant scaling tests (one or more scales in A, B and C) and joint scaling test indicated the presence of digenic epistasis for all the traits studied. Number of fruits per plant and yield per plant were controlled by additive, dominance and epistatic gene action. Determination of transgressive segregation and more comprehensive understanding of generation means can be visually gained by developing boxplot. Desirable transgressive segregants were found in all traits except days to flowering. The number of effective gene was one in all the eleven traits in all four crosses, which was underestimated in presence of epistasis. In general, the modified bulk method, reciprocal recurrent selection, diallel selective mating system, biparental mating system and heterosis breeding are recommended for yield improvement in chilli. Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is grown worldwide both as a spice and as a vegetable crop and world’s second most important solanaceous vegetable after tomato. It is a popular crop worldwide because of its typical flavor, aroma, pungency and nutritional contents. It contains more vitamin C than any other vegetable crop. It is rich source of vitamin A and E. Color and flavor extracts from chilli are used in both the food and feed industries. The crop is widely grown in tropical and subtropical conditions for home consumption, domestic and export purposes. Chilli is a high value crop in both domestic and export markets. It is a diploid (2n=24) species and genetically selfpollinated and chasmogamous crop whose flowers open only after pollination (Lemma, 1998). However, 2 to 96% out-crossing was observed under open pollination (AVRDC, 2000; Pickersgill, 1997; Tanksley, 1984). Cross-pollination is primarily caused by bees followed by other insects (thrips and ants) to a limited scale and rarely by wind (AVRDC, 2000). 2010-10-01T00:00:00Z