http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/112 2026-07-26T08:18:37Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2171 HUMAN DOSES OF DEHP DURING PREGNANCY INFLUENCE POST-NATAL GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION IN OFF-SPRING FEMALE MICE HASAN-UZ-ZAMAN Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that interferes with reproductive function and hormone regulation. Among different exposure routes (oral ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact), the most common routes of exposure are via oral ingestion from food packaging and the use of cosmetic products, but high levels of phthalates are also present in household dust. Thus, exposure to phthalates is ubiquitous in human populations. For the general population, it was estimated that the average total daily individual ambient exposure to DEHP ranges from 0.21 to 2.1 mg/day. Thus, the estimated range of daily human exposure to DEHP is 3–30 μg/kg/day based on urinary metabolite concentrations; however, measurements of DEHP in household dust can reach up to 700 mg/kg, potentially increasing exposure levels in certain individuals. The effect of phthalate on male reproduction is now well studied; however, the effect of phthalate on female reproduction warrants extensive investigation. Because women are exposed to phthalates at a higher level than men through their widespread use of personal care and cosmetic products, In addition, it is hypothesized that phthalate can cross the placenta and interfere with the embryo, postnatal growth and development, and the later life of offspring after parturition. In this study, the Swiss albino female mice were randomly divided into four groups namely T0 (control), T1 (2mg/kg DEHP), T2 (4mg/kg DEHP), and T3 (6 mg/kg DEHP). Mating‟s strategy was followed by two virgin females and one stud male, who were confirmed pregnant by observing a vaginal plug. DEHP was exposed from the plug confirmed to parturition. After parturition, litter size (number of pups), litter weight, weight/pups, and body weight took until sexual maturity, then evaluated the reproductive cyclicity, the hormonal profile, hematological parameters, and organ developments after sexual maturity of female mice. The result showed that from birth to weaning, offspring of the T1 group exhibited a significantly body weight gain compare to the T0 group. On the other hand, considering weaning to sexual maturity, the rate of body weight gain was higher in the T1 and T2 groups compared to the T0 group. The final body weight was higher in the T2 group compared to the offspring of the T0 group. The estrous cyclicity data revealed that the rate of estrous in the T1, T2, and T3 groups were gradually decreased compared to the T0 group, in case of proestrus T1 was increased compared to T0 group but T2, T3 group were decreased compared to T0 group. The rate of diestrus in the T1, T2 and T3 groups were increased compare to the T0 group. On the other hand the rate of metestrus in the T1 and T2 group were decreased compare to T0 group but T3 was increased compared to T0 group. In the hormonal assay, the percentage of estrogen in the T1, T2 and T3 were gradually decreased compared to T0 group and the percentages of progesterone levels in the treatment groups were decreased significantly. Hematological parameters showed that the platelets in the T1, T2, and T3 groups were significantly higher than T0 group. In the term of neutrophil percentage, the T3 group was significantly lower than the other groups, Lymphocyte percentage in the T1, T2, and T3 groups were significantly higher than the T0 group. In case of total WBC count in the T1, T2 and T3 groups were increased compared to T0 group. The hematological parameters of PCT, RDW-CV, and RDW-SD were significantly lower in the T1, T2, and T3 groups than the T0 group. The percentage of monocytes in the T1, T2 and T3 were gradually decreased compared to T0 group. In cases of organ development, lung weight in the T1 and T3 groups were significantly increased from the T0 group but the T2 group was decreased from T0 group. In the T1, T2 and T3 groups, kidney and liver weight were significantly higher than in the T0 group. Heart weight in the T2 and T3 groups were significantly higher than in the T0 group. In the same way, spleen weight is comparatively higher in the T1 and T2 groups compared to the T0 group. There were no significant changes in the thyroid, uterus, or ovaries. Visual observation of the morphological characteristics of different organs showed that slight discoloration of the liver and lung was substantially affected in T3 group compared to T0 group. HUMAN DOSES OF DEHP DURING PREGNANCY INFLUENCE POST-NATAL GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION IN OFF-SPRING FEMALE MICE; A THESIS BY HASAN-UZ-ZAMAN, Student No. 1504096, Semester: July-December, 2023, Session: 2022-2023; MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.S.) IN GENETICS AND ANIMAL BREEDING, DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND ANIMAL BREEDING, HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY DINAJPUR-5200; DECEMBER 2023. 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2116 SELECTION OF DROUGHT TOLERANT PARENTAL LINES OF WHEAT THROUGH MORPHO-MOLECULAR DIVERSITY AND MULTI-TRAIT GENOTYPE-IDEOTYPE DISTANCE INDEX ZEMIN, NUSHRAT Drought is a major abiotic stress that significantly reduces wheat yield in the country. For this, the major aim of the study was to identify drought tolerant wheat genotypes from 100 diverse wheat genotypes. During the Rabi season of 2022–2023, the investigation was conducted at the experimental farm of Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute (BWMRI), Debiganj, Panchagarh and in the laboratory of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur and BWMRI, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. This study used a split plot design with two replications to examine twelve morpho-physiological traits: plant height, number of tillers per plant, proline content, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root volume, root length, root shoot ratio, relative water content, and excise leaf water loss. The analysis of variances revealed significant high heritability was recorded for proline content, shoot dry weight and root dry weight. A significant positive correlation between root dry weight and shoot dry weight was observed in both control and drought conditions. Based on the morphological diversity 1HZWYT-425, 1HZWYT-430 RAJ, 11SATYN-9425, Jamal-10032, 1HZWYT-422 RAJ, BAW-1397, Jamal 9046, SABGPYT-4104, Jamal-9006 were identified in cluster I and cluster III as similar genotypes at drought condition. Jamal-9046, SABGPYT-4104, 1HZWYT-425, SABGPYT-4110, 1HZWYT 430 RAJ, 11SATYN-9425, Jamal-10032, Jamal-9006, 1HZWYT-422 RAJ and BAW-1397 were identified as drought tolerant genotypes among 100 genotypes through assessment of multi-trait genotype ideotype index (MGIDI). Based on the molecular diversity five SSR markers viz. WMS0691, GWM513, GWM495, Barc20 and Tagwm1037 were evaluated in 96 wheat cultivars for molecular characterizations. All of the SSRs were polymorphic across the 96 genotypes. In total, 24 alleles were detected and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 7 with an average of 4.8 alleles per locus. The most polymorphic alleles (seven) were produced by the marker GWM495, followed by Tagwm1037 (6), GWM513 (5), and WMS0691 (4). In contrast, Barc20 markers yielded the fewest polymorphic bands per locus of two (2). The highest PIC value (0.84) was recorded for GWM495, and GWM513 recorded second highest (0.78) and lowest by Barc20 (0.46). The genotypes 1HZWYT-425, 1HZWYT-430 RAJ, 11SATYN-9425, Jamal 10032, 1HZWYT-422 RAJ, BAW-1397, Jamal-9046, SABGPYT-4104, and Jamal-9006 were found to be comparable in cluster III, V, and VI based on molecular diversity. Results obtained from the above two study suggested that the genotypes 1HZWYT-425, 1HZWYT-430 RAJ, Jamal-9046, 1HZWYT-422 RAJ and BAW-1397 should be important genetic materials for taking any future drought stress breeding programs in wheat. SELECTION OF DROUGHT TOLERANT PARENTAL LINES OF WHEAT THROUGH MORPHO-MOLECULAR DIVERSITY AND MULTI-TRAIT GENOTYPE-IDEOTYPE DISTANCE INDEX; A THESIS BY NUSHRAT ZEMIN, STUDENT NO. 1701254, SEMESTER: July-December, 2023, SESSION: 2022-23; MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) IN GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY DINAJPUR-5200; DECEMBER 2023. 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2115 IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH YIELDING AND STABLE BARLEY GENOTYPES THROUGH FIELD PHENOTYPING IN MULTI LOCATION TRIALS AND MOLECULAR APPROACHES PAPIA, AFRIN AJAHAN Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is a nutrient rich cereal and there is a limited number of cultivars available in Bangladesh. The study was aimed to analyze high yielding stable genotypes by genotypes environment interactions (GEI) and to locate the unique genotype by deploying molecular characterization. To get a reliable stable genotype, rather than relying on a single analysis, employing a combination of methods to measure the nature of the GEI in various dimensions is often more effective. We investigated GEI using parametric and non-parametric stability statistics including multi-trait genotype ideotype distance index (MGIDI), additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI), and GGE. Nine barley genotypes comprised of six exotic lines and three Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) released varieties were evaluated in a randomized complete block design across three locations (Dinajpur, Rangpur and Panchagarh) during the rabi season of 2022-2023. Various parametric and nonparametric stability statistics were calculated using a web-based STABILITYSOFT program. Based on the analysis, EEB_450, BARI Barley-7 and EEB_91 identified as superior and high yielding genotypes. The additive effects analysis of AMMI model revealed significant effects of genotype, environment, and GEI on number of grains per spike (NGPS), yield per plant (YPP) and yield per plot (YPPLOT). EEB_450 and EEB_91 for NGPS, EEB_18 and EEB_152 for YPP, and EEB_450 and EEB_91 for YPPLOT emerged as stable genotypes with optimal performance according to the AMMI model. The likelihood ratio test indicated significant effects of genotype and GEI all studied traits. Regarding NGPS, YPP and YPPLOT, EEB_450, BARI Barley-7 and BARI Barley-9 had high best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) value and were identified as suitable genotypes. The GGE biplot method determined the most favorable location for specific genotypes. Among three experimental locations, Panchagarh was identified as the superior environment for barley cultivation with EEB_450 being the top performing genotype considering all traits. Using the multi-trait genotype ideotype distance index (MGIDI), EEB_450, BARI Barley-7 and BARI Barley-9 were deemed the most ideal genotypes. Analysis of genetic variation using SSR markers, the genotype EEB_450 revealed phenotypically stable and showed variations with the BARI released check varieties BARI Barley-7, BARI Barley-8 and BARI Barley-9. Therefore, EEB_450 is recommended as a superior performing genotype in three locations and can be released as a variety in Bangladesh. The combination of multi-location trials and molecular approaches facilitates the identification and selection of high yielding, stable barley genotypes with desirable agronomic traits. This integrated approach enhances the efficiency and precision of barley breeding programs, ultimately contributing to sustainable agricultural productivity and food security. IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH YIELDING AND STABLE BARLEY GENOTYPES THROUGH FIELD PHENOTYPING IN MULTI LOCATION TRIALS AND MOLECULAR APPROACHES; A THESIS BY AFRIN AJAHAN PAPIA, STUDENT NO. 2205097, SEMESTER: July-December, 2023, SESSION: 2022-23; MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) IN GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY DINAJPUR-5200; DECEMBER 2023. 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z http://103.7.193.12:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2114 STUDY OF MORPHO-MOLECULAR VARIABILITY AND PATH ANALYSIS IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) MAHFUZ, ABDULLAH AL The experiment was conducted at Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during the Rabi season 2022-2023 in RCBD design with three replications. The experimental materials were 11 wheat genotypes viz. 10 HSTU developed advance line and one check variety BARI Gom 32. Significant variations were observed in nine traits in the existing generation. The mean squares against all genotypes were significant for all the characters studied. The mean performance of all traits, the grand mean, and the range value indicated a wide range of variation among the studied genotypes for the quantitative traits. Mean values of days to 50% heading varied from 51.67 to 69.33 days. Days to 50% maturity was ranged from 102.33 to 121.33 days. The grain weight per spike (g) ranged from 1.32 to 1.88 g. The mean value of average plant height varied from 92.35 to 116.33 cm, the average spike length was 8.58 to 10.73 cm, and the average grain per spike was 30.93 to 45.20. The number of spike per 1 square meter ranged from 351.67 to 505.67 g. The minimum value of 1000 grain weight was 31.99 g and the maximum value was 47.23 g. The high-yielding line was HSTUW 1 (2812.73) whereas the low-yielding line was HSTUW 2 (2087.22). Positive significant correlation with 1000 grain weight (0.8292) at the genotypic and phenotypic levels 1000 grain weight (0.5199) but at the phenotypic level moderate positive significant association with average plant height (0.3459), and a moderate negative significant association with average grain per spike (-0.4269) to yield per plot. Path coefficient analysis indicated that the highest direct effect was observed in grain weight per spike (3.573), average spike length also exhibited a maximum positive direct effect on yield per plot (1.198) at the genotypic level but at the phenotypic level in 1000 grain weight exhibited the highest positive direct effect on yield per plot (1.108) and a strong positive significant association with yield per plot (0.520). Average grain per spike also exhibited a maximum positive direct effect on yield per plot (0.673). Average grain per spike contributed indirectly through 1000 grain weight to yield per plant. Selection through 1000 grain weight and average grain per spike may effectively increase yield per plot. Higher genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variations were observed in grain weight per spike, number of spike, 1000 grain weight, average grain per spike, and yield per plot. High heritability was observed in days to maturity (95.85%), average plant height (93.13%), days to heading (90.78%), and moderate heritability was shown in average grain per spike (73.87%), 1000 grain weight (72.54%), number of spike per 1 square meter (72.17%), grain weight per spike (66.47%), and yield per plot (63.73%). High genetic advance as percentage of mean was observed for the number of spike per 1 square meter (21.77%), grain weight per spike (21.38%), and 1000 grain weight (20.44%). Four SSR markers were employed in 11 wheat genotypes for molecular characterization. All SSRs were polymorphic across the 11 genotypes. Thirty-one alleles were detected with an average of 7.75 alleles per marker. The most polymorphic microsatellite markers were Gwm495, Barc20, TaBarc101, and Xwmc112 each with 6 to 9 alleles. The highest Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value 0.87 was estimated in Gwm495. In population genetic structure analysis, population I consisted of 27.27% of total genotypes i.e. 3 genotypes were pure, where not found any admixture. Population II comprised 72.73% of total genotypes i.e. 8 genotypes; 7 genotypes were found pure and 1 genotype was found heterogeneous. Cluster analysis using the UPGMA method delineated the 11 genotypes into two clusters. HSTUW 2 and HSTUW 3 are genetically more similar while HSTUW 7 and HSTUW 8, HSTUW 10, and HSTUW 1 show a minimum of showed more divergent. Finally, the significant variability present of HSTU developed existing lines, 1000 grain weight, and Average grain per spike are two very good traits, based on which will help us to select the breed later. STUDY OF MORPHO-MOLECULAR VARIABILITY AND PATH ANALYSIS IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.); A THESIS BY ABDULLAH AL MAHFUZ, STUDENT NO. 2205012, SEMESTER: July-December, 2023, SESSION: 2022-23; MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) IN GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY DINAJPUR-5200; December 2023. 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z