Ph.D. Thesis

INVESTIGATION ON FOWL ADENOVIRUS (GROUP 1) CIRCULATING IN BANGLADESH AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SPECIFIC SEROTYPES ASSOCIATED WITH INCLUSION BODY HEPATITIS

2026-06-17T07:14:33Z

INVESTIGATION ON FOWL ADENOVIRUS (GROUP 1) CIRCULATING IN BANGLADESH AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SPECIFIC SEROTYPES ASSOCIATED WITH INCLUSION BODY HEPATITIS Islam, Mohammad Nazrul Fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) cause numerous diseases resulting in economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Several FAdV serotypes cause inclusion body hepatitis in chicken. Although FAdV infection was suspected, there was no confirmatory report from Bangladesh. The study was conducted to investigate the FAdV infection and specific antibodies in chicken. A total of 50 samples, each composed of liver and spleen, were collected from different chickens of Gazipur, Dinajpur and Panchagarh district. Three suspected organ samples derived from liver were also inoculated in to SPF embryonated chicken eggs for viral propagation. Each location is belonging to A, B and C poultry zones of Bangladesh, respectively. Viruses were detected by real-time PCR and conventional PCR. Blood samples (n=303) were collected at beginning and after recovery from infection and tested by indirect ELISA. Sequencing of PCR products were done for phylogenetic analysis. The indirect ELISA serological technique was employed which detects antibodies to Group 1 FAdVs and does not differentiate specific serotypes. Specific serotypes were detected through real time PCR and sequencing data analysis. All the flocks exhibited clinical symptoms of anorexia, drowsiness, ruffled feathers, reduced body weight, lack of uniformity and high mortality. Enlarged friable liver with yellow to tan color mottled with focal soft area, fluid in pericardial sac, swollen and hemorrhagic kidneys, enlarged congested spleen and hemorrhagic pancreas were found on postmortem examination. FAdVs were detected in 9 flocks (90%) out of 10 flocks except commercial layer flock from Dinajpur. Three serotypes namely serotype 8b in 7flocks (70%), serotype 11 in 2 flocks (20%) and serotype 5 in 1 flock (10%) were detected. The antibody titer increases significantly (p<0.05) after recovery from the infection. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Bangladeshi FAdVs have close identity with viruses from Asia, Europe, South and North America. These results implied that FAdVs have been introduced to Bangladesh multiple times. In this situation vaccination against detected particular serotypes associated with IBH (Inclusion Body Hepatitis) and upholding comprehensive biosecurity measures are crucial for the prevention and control of the disease. INVESTIGATION ON FOWL ADENOVIRUS (GROUP 1) CIRCULATING IN BANGLADESH AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SPECIFIC SEROTYPES ASSOCIATED WITH INCLUSION BODY HEPATITIS; A Dissertation Submitted By Mohammad Nazrul Islam, Registration No.: 1205017, Session: 2020; In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Microbiology, DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCE, HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR; June, 2024.

Circulating Tumor Cell Chip in Breast Cancer for Theragnosis based on Surface—Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

2022-05-18T08:06:13Z

Circulating Tumor Cell Chip in Breast Cancer for Theragnosis based on Surface—Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Hossain, Md. Khaled Circulating Tumor Cell Chip in Breast Cancer for Theragnosis based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Dissertation Director: Professor Jeong-Woo Choi Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are emerging biomarkers, especially in case of liquid biopsy, and important indicator for prognosis monitoring in case of personalized anticancer therapy. CTC analysis is a promising diagnostic method for estimating the risk of metastatic relapse and metastatic progression in patient with cancer. The basic problem of CTC study is their extremely low inherent numbers in blood (around one CTC per 10° non cancerous hematopoietic cells). Hence, before detection or characterization of CTCs their isolation is important. A subpopulation of CTCs with stemlike behavior are known as stem-like circulating tumor cells (SCTCs). In recent years stem like cancer cells (SCCs) hypothesis has attracted great attention in the field of cancer biology. According to the concept, a minor Circulating Tumor Cell Chip in Breast Cancer for Theragnosis based on Surface—Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Md. Khaled Hossain

SEROLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM FROM LAYER POULTRY IN NORTHERN PART OF BANGLADESH A DISSERTATION

2022-05-15T10:46:20Z

SEROLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM FROM LAYER POULTRY IN NORTHERN PART OF BANGLADESH A DISSERTATION Khatun, v Poultry industry targets the production of animal protein of excellent quality with low costs and helps in national economy for generating jobs and foreign exchange credits for the balance of trade. But outbreaks of different infectious diseases are one of the major constraints of poultry farming. Mycoplasma gallisepticum organism is one of the most infectious organism and economically significant throughout the world. The present research was performed with the objective of serological and molecular characterization of Mycoplasma gallisepticum organism from field samples in order to get pure culture of the etiological agent. The epidemic behavior of the etiological agents were studied based on age and breed of birds, seasons and location where the birds were rearing. The incidence rate of infections were recorded as per information collected from farmers by using a set of questionnaire, symptoms of affected birds and post mortem lesions. In association with the epidemiological investigation, the overall incidence rate was 11.54%. For detection of specific antibody of Mycoplasma gallisepticum, 920 sera were tested from ten selected farms based on location, age groups, seasons, breeds and flock size, by SPA test and found 526 sera were positive. The overall incidence was 57.17%. The highest incidence rate (61.96%) was found at Dinajpur and the lowest (51.09%) at Rangpur in comparison to other districts. The highest incidence (64.78%) was found in above 40 wks followed by 59.30% in 21-40wks, 56.52% in 9-20wks and 48.26% in 0-8wks respectively. The prevalence was found 61.96% in winter and 52.39% in summer season, 59.78% in Sonali and 56.52% in Isa brown breed, 61.96% in large and 51.44% in small flock. No significant difference was observed as their location and breed but significant was in age and season variation. Furthermore 526 SPA positive sera were tested by iELISA test and 164 (31.18%) sera were positive. 80 representative sera were tested by HI from iELISA positive sera and found that 15 (18.75%) sera were positive. A total of 156 different organs of trachea, lungs and air sacs were cultured for isolation of etiological agent of Mycoplasmosis and the positive cases were 5.77%. The highest rate (13.46%) of organism was found in tracheal swabs followed by 1.92% in air sac and 1.92% in lung. For molecular characterization of Mycoplasma gallisepticum, 48 different organs were tested by direct PCR without culture and overall positive was 12.5% (6 bands). Among them 25%, 6.25% and 6.25% were found from tracheal swabs, air sacs and lungs respectively and 0.64% (1 band) from culture positive isolates. The DNA sequencing of the present study showed 99 to 100% per cent similarity with the sequence of the duck isolate from South Africa, chicken isolate of Spain and USA as demonstrated by blast (NCBI). It is recommended that the samples from live birds are sufficient enough to identify the organism and tracheal swab samples gave more isolations than from lung and air sac by molecular technique. It is justified that PCR is a serviceable tool in the accurate diagnosis of Mycoplasma infections, not only for its sensitivity but also for its high specificity. This technique overcome culture method as it depends on the direct detection of the micro organism’s DNA without the need for cultivation. PCR has allowed the study of microbial genes, directly amplified from samples. It is a sensitive, easy, rapid and inexpensive technique and the most important advantage is eliminating the need for isolation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum. BY Mahfuja Khatun Registration Number: 1405163 Session: 2014 Submitted to the Department of Microbiology Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of